Heat exchanger



Aug. 25,1931.

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed May 12, 1924 2NVEOR I n AT NEY.

Wilma:

Patented Aug. 25, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALTER CROSSQOF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSI GNIEN'IS,

TO GASOLINE PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC., OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A COBPO- I RATION or DELAWARE HEAT EXCHANGEE Application filed Kay 12, 1924. Serial No. 712,845.

This invention relates to improvements in heat exchangers, and refers more particularly toa construction which provides for an increased heat exchange. between mediums circulated in radiating contact.

'Among the objects of the invention are, to provide a construction whereby. a medium, such as a fluid either liquid or gas, is circulated through hollow members such as a continuous tube or conduit while externally of this member is circulated a second medium which has a relatively different temperature than the first medium and which is circulated thereabouts in order to either supply heat to the internally circulated medium-or extract heat therefrom. For example, such constructions maybe mentioned as heating coils positioned in a furnace or heating means where a hot combustion gas is circulated about tubes or coils, heat exchangers where gases or liquids are brought in radiating cont-act, condensers or water tube boilers and other constructions of a similar type. In the drawings the construction is shown as applied to a continuous coil positioned in a furnace, particularly adapted for the conversion of hydrocarbon oil which is circulated through the coil and is heated by the combustion gases of the furnace supplied by burners.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a view taken along the line 22 in Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the side walls of a furnace 2 which encloses a plurality of tubes 3 connected in series by headersor tube fittings 4 to form.a continuous conduit or passage for the liquid which is circulated therethrough. Uponthe outer surface or periphery of the respective tubes are formed corrugations 5 which serve to expose an increased surface and facilitate and promote the heat exchange between the combustion gases and the liquid medium passing through the tubes. These corruga tions transmit an increased amount of heat to the medium circulatedthrough the conduit extracting the heat from the combustion gases thereby permitting much more rapid heating than where the medium is circulated through a plain smooth pipe coil without the absorption rings.

The combustion gases supplied b a burner diagrammatically shown at 6, d their way through the checkered'brickwork furnace arch 7 and rise upward around the re- "spective tubes directed in their passage by ance offered by the walls of the tube chaniher and creates a slight turbulence in the gaseous products of combustion on their flow therethrough, preventing the formation of a blanket of gas on the walls of the tube chamber. It will be appreciated that the action of the chamfered obstructions 8 facilitates the rate of heat exchange. The interior con-- struction is carefully arranged and figured to provide passa eways for the heating medium about the tubes of the same size, contour and of substantially the same deviation of travel.

This arrangement produces a uniform friction to the gases and increases thereby the efiiciency of the apparatus due to the increased heat exchange which is effected.

When the grouping or the collocation of the members has been properly distributed, the temperature differential between the mediums circulated internally and externally of the tubes may be greatly decreased making for a substantial increase in the efficiency of the heat exchanger construction.

ing

of a like size, contour and all of such passage ways have substantially an identical dev1ation of travel whereby the different portions of the gases are subjected to a uniform friction.-

The novelty of the invention lies primarily in a construction designed to impose upon the externally circulated medium-- a relatively uniform friction eliminating short circuiting of any portion thereof thereby increasing the efliciency of the heat exchangers. In a construction of this character, the temperature differential between the mediums cirmeans for passing a heating fluid through said chamber, protuberances upon the interior wall of the chamber, means associated with said chamber to evenly distribute the heating fluid through the chamber, the members within the chamber and the protuberances upon the wall being so positioned as to produce a uniform retardation and circuitous flow of the heating fluid circulated externally of said members.

WALTER M. CROSS.

culated in radiating contact is materially reconstrict the openings and thereby improve the heat transfer in the same manner in which the absorption rings may be utilized. For example, where plain tubes are used and where the number of square feet of heating surface is the same as a construction in which the absorption rings or discs are used, a difference of from 15% to 20% economy in fuel consumption is effected where the absorption rings are used, due to the better heat transfer occasioned by the increased speed of the prod nets of combustion produced by forcing the draft and b constricting the passageways due to the fi ling-in effect between the tubes of the absorption rings.

The pressure differential and element in dicative of the speed of the combustion gases between the top and the bottom of the furnace or combustion chamber in the specific construction described amounted to as much as one-half inch of water.

I claim as my invention:

1. A heater construction comprising a I chamber, adapted to contain products of combustion, a checker brick partition forming the roof of said chamberand the floor of a tube chamber, and adapted to distribute the products of combustion evenly in said tube chamber, a plurality of tubes positioned in said tube chamber above said partition, said tubes being arranged in staggered relation, the walls of said tube chamber beprovided with abutments projecting therein to effect an efficient exchange of heat from lproducts of combustion of said tubes.

2. heat exchange device comprising a chamber,

a plurality of members within said chamber adapted to contain a fluid medium, 

